Interface circuit

ABSTRACT

A video signal and an audio signal are TMDS transmitted from a source device to a sink device. Through a reserved line and a HPD line provided separately from a TMDS transmission line, an Ethernet™ signal is bidirectionally transmitted, and also, a SPDIF signal is transmitted from the sink device to the source device. The Ethernet™ signal bidirectionally transmitted between Ethernet™ transmitter/receiver circuits is differentially transmitted by an amplifier and is received by the amplifier. The SPDIF signal from a SPDIF transmitter circuit is common-mode transmitted from an adder and is received by the adder to be supplied to the SPDIF receiver circuit.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/844,447, filed on Jul. 27, 2010, which is a continuation of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 12/451,270, filed on Nov. 3, 2009, which isa national phase entry under 35 U.S.C. §371 of International ApplicationNo. PCT/JP2008/070693, filed Nov. 13, 2008, which claims priority toJapanese Patent Application No. JP2007-303185, filed on Nov. 22, 2007,all of the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.This application is also related to U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/771,126, filed on Apr. 30, 2010, the disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an interface circuit, and moreparticularly, to an interface circuit for transmitting digital signals,such as audio signals and video signals, between devices.

2. Description of Related Art

In recent years, as audio/visual (AV) devices using digital signals,such as audio signals or video signals, become widespread, various typesof interfaces have been proposed as interfaces for transmitting digitalsignals between these AV devices. For example, as such interfaces, theInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1394 standards,the High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) standards (HDMI is aregistered trademark), and the like, are widely known (for example, seeJP-A-2007-267116 (FIG. 1)).

Furthermore, for a comparatively large-scale system, an interface fordistributing digital signals by using Ethernet™ has also been proposed(for example, see JP-T-2003-523653 (FIGS. 6A and 6B)).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

When Ethernet™ is used for a connection between AV devices, since abidirectional communication according to Internet Protocol (IP) isperformed, there arises a problem that software processing takes time,thus, lacking in real-time characteristics. To overcome the problem,synchronization needs to be performed between the AV devices, thereforerequiring a large buffer for adjusting the speed. Furthermore, a processof sending a time stamp from a transmitter side and regenerating aclock, which is a reference, at a receiver side is needed, which mayresult in a jitter (unstable clock) and signal delay.

The present invention has been achieved in view of the situation, andhas its object to supply the real-time characteristics of an Ethernet™signal differentially transmitted.

The present invention has been achieved to solve the above-describedproblem, and its first aspect is an interface circuit including a firsttransmitting section for transmitting a first signal as a differentialsignal to an external device through a transmission line, and a secondtransmitting section for transmitting a second signal, being multiplexedto the transmission line, as a common-mode signal to the externaldevice. Thereby, an effect that the differentially transmitted firstsignal and the common-mode transmitted second signal are multiplexedwith each other and transmitted through a same transmission line isachieved.

Furthermore, according to the first aspect, the second signal may be asignal including a clock component. Thereby, an effect that the clockcomponent is transmitted to the external device is achieved. Here, as anexample, the second signal may include a biphase-mark modulated signal.

Furthermore, the first aspect may further include a receiving sectionfor receiving a third signal by removing the first signal from thedifferential signal on the transmission line. Thereby, an effect thatthe differential signals are transmitted bidirectionally is achieved.Here, as an example, the first transmitting section and the receivingsection can perform a bidirectional communication according to InternetProtocol (IP). Furthermore, the transmission line can use a reservedline and a hot-plug detect line forming an HDMI cable.

Furthermore, the second aspect of the present invention is an interfacecircuit including a first receiving section for extracting a firstsignal from a differential signal received from an external devicethrough a transmission line, and a second receiving section forextracting a second signal from a common-mode signal received from theexternal device through the transmission line. Thereby, an effect thatthe differentially transmitted first signal and the common-modetransmitted second signal are received through a same transmission lineis achieved.

Furthermore, according to the second aspect, the second signal may be asignal including a clock component. Thereby, an effect that the clockcomponent is received from the external device is achieved. Here, as anexample, the second signal may include a biphase-mark modulated signal.

Furthermore, the second aspect may further include a transmittingsection for transmitting a third signal as a differential signal to theexternal device through the transmission line, wherein the firstreceiving section may extract the first signal by removing the thirdsignal from the differential signal on the transmission line. Thereby,an effect that the differential signals are bidirectionally transmittedis achieved. Here, as an example, the first receiving section and thetransmitting section can perform a bidirectional communication accordingto Internet Protocol (IP). Furthermore, the transmission line can use areserved line and a hot-plug detect line forming an HDMI cable.

The present invention has been achieved to solve the above-describedproblem, and its first aspect is an interface circuit including a firsttransmitting section for transmitting a first signal as a differentialsignal to an external device through a transmission line, and a secondtransmitting section for transmitting a second signal, being multiplexedto the transmission line, as a common-mode signal to the externaldevice. Thereby, an effect that the differentially transmitted firstsignal and the common-mode transmitted second signal are multiplexedwith each other and transmitted through a same transmission line isachieved.

Furthermore, according to the first aspect, the second signal may be asignal including a clock component. Thereby, an effect that the clockcomponent is transmitted to the external device is achieved. Here, as anexample, the second signal may include a biphase-mark modulated signal.

Furthermore, the first aspect may further include a receiving sectionfor receiving a third signal by removing the first signal from thedifferential signal on the transmission line. Thereby, an effect thatthe differential signals are transmitted bidirectionally is achieved.Here, as an example, the first transmitting section and the receivingsection can perform a bidirectional communication according to InternetProtocol (IP). Furthermore, the transmission line can use a reservedline and a hot-plug detect line forming an HDMI cable.

Furthermore, the second aspect of the present invention is an interfacecircuit including a first receiving section for extracting a firstsignal from a differential signal received from an external devicethrough a transmission line, and a second receiving section forextracting a second signal from a common-mode signal received from theexternal device through the transmission line. Thereby, an effect thatthe differentially transmitted first signal and the common-modetransmitted second signal are received through a same transmission lineis achieved.

Furthermore, according to the second aspect, the second signal may be asignal including a clock component. Thereby, an effect that the clockcomponent is received from the external device is achieved. Here, as anexample, the second signal may include a biphase-mark modulated signal.

Furthermore, the second aspect may further include a transmittingsection for transmitting a third signal as a differential signal to theexternal device through the transmission line, wherein the firstreceiving section may extract the first signal by removing the thirdsignal from the differential signal on the transmission line. Thereby,an effect that the differential signals are bidirectionally transmittedis achieved. Here, as an example, the first receiving section and thetransmitting section can perform a bidirectional communication accordingto Internet Protocol (IP). Furthermore, the transmission line can use areserved line and a hot-plug detect line forming an HDMI cable.

Effect of the Invention

According to the present invention, a prominent effect of being able tosupply the real-time characteristics of an Ethernet™ signal that isdifferentially transmitted can be achieved.

In one embodiment, an interface circuit is provided. The interfacecircuit comprises first receiving means for extracting a first signalfrom a differential signal received from an external device through atransmission line and second receiving means for extracting a secondsignal from a common-mode signal received from the external devicethrough the transmission line. The interface circuit also comprises acommunication unit for communicating with the external device via a pairof differential transmission lines included in the transmission line.The communication unit receives a notification on a connection statusfrom the external device by at least one of direct current biaspotentials of the pair of differential transmission lines.

In one example, the second signal is a signal including a clockcomponent. Here, the second signal desirably includes a biphase-markmodulated signal.

In another example, the interface circuit further comprises transmittingmeans for transmitting a third signal as a differential signal to theexternal device through the transmission line. Here, the first receivingmeans extracts the first signal by removing the third signal from thedifferential signal on the transmission line.

In one alternative, the first receiving means and the transmittingsection perform a bidirectional communication according to InternetProtocol (IP). In another alternative, the transmission line is areserved line and a hot-plug detect line forming an HDMI cable. And in afurther example, the second signal is a SPDIF signal.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an interface according to HDMIstandards;

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a pin arrangement of aconnector according to HDMI standards;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an internal configuration of asource device 100 and a sink device 200 according to an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 4A is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a sourceside transmitter/receiver circuit 140 and a sink sidetransmitter/receiver circuit 250 according to the embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 4B is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of the sourceside transmitter/receiver circuit 140 and the sink sidetransmitter/receiver circuit 250 according to the embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic view of an operation of theembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6A is a diagram showing an example a configuration of a sink typedetection circuit 110 and a source type detection circuit 210 accordingto the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6B is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of the sinktype detection circuit 110 and the source type detection circuit 210according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7A is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a plugconnection detection circuit 120 and a plug connection transfer circuit220 according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7B is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of the plugconnection detection circuit 120 and the plug connection transfercircuit 220 according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a frame configuration according to SPDIFstandards;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a subframe configuration according to SPDIFstandards;

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a signal modulation scheme according toSPDIF standards;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing channel coding for a preamble according toSPDIF standards; and

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a system configurationaccording to the embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will beexplained in detail with reference to the appended drawings. Note that,in this specification and the appended drawings, structural elementsthat have substantially the same function and structure are denoted withthe same reference numerals, and repeated explanation of thesestructural elements is omitted.

Here, assuming an example for an interface according to HDMI standardswhere an Ethernet™ signal that is differentially transmitted is added,an explanation will be given on an embodiment for supplying thereal-time characteristics of an Ethernet™ signal.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the interface according to HDMIstandards. With respect to HDMI standards, a basic transmissiondirection of a high-speed transmission line is set to be unidirectional,and a device on the transmitter side is referred to as a source device(example of a transmitting section) and a device on the receiver side isreferred to as a sink device (example of a receiving section). In thisexample, a source device 100 and a sink device 200 are connected by anHDMI cable 300. A transmitter 101 for performing a transmissionoperation is included in the source device 100, and a receiver 201 forperforming a receiving operation is included in the sink device 200.

A serial transmission system called Transition Minimized DifferentialSignaling (TMDS) is used for the transmission between the transmitter101 and the receiver 201. With respect to HDMI standards, video signalsand audio signals are transmitted by using three TMDS channels 310 to330. Specifically, during an effective image period, which is a periodexcluding a horizontal blanking period and a vertical blanking periodfrom a period between a vertical synchronizing signal and the nextvertical synchronizing signal, a differential signal corresponding tothe pixel data of an image for one uncompressed screen is transmittedunidirectionally towards the sink device 200 through the TMDS channels310 to 330. Furthermore, during the horizontal blanking period or thevertical blanking period, a differential signal corresponding to audiodata, control data, other auxiliary data, or the like, is transmittedunidirectionally towards the sink device 200 through the TMDS channels310 to 330.

Furthermore, with respect to HDMI standards, a clock signal istransmitted through a TMDS clock channel 340. Each of the TMDS channels310 to 330 can transmit 10 bits of pixel data during transmission of oneclock through the TMDS channel 340.

Furthermore, with respect to HDMI standards, a display data channel(DDC) 350 is provided. The display data channel 350 is employed by thesource device to read Enhanced Extended Display Identification Data(E-EDID) information in the sink device 200. The E-EDID informationindicates, where the sink device 200 is a display device, informationrelating to the setting or performance such as the type, resolution,color characteristics, or timing. The E-EDID information is held in anEDID ROM 202 of the sink device 200. Note that, although not shown, likethe sink device 200, the source device 100 can also store the E-EDIDinformation and transmit the E-EDID information to the sink device 200when necessary.

In addition, with respect to HDMI standards, a consumer electronicscontrol (CEC) line 361, a reserved line 362, a hot plug detect (HPD)line 363, and the like, are provided. The CEC line 361 is a line for abidirectional communication of device control signals. Whereas thedisplay data channel 350 connects devices in a one-to-one manner, theCEC line directly connects all devices connected to HDMI.

The reserved line 362 is a line not utilized in HDMI standards.Furthermore, the HPD line 363 is a line for detecting the connection(hot plug) to another device by the HDMI cable. The embodiment of thepresent invention assumes that an Ethernet™ signal is transmitted byusing the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363, and further, proposesa mechanism of supplying the real-time characteristics of the Ethernet™signal.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a pin arrangement of a connector accordingto HDMI standards. In such cases, the corresponding relationship betweena pin number 301 and a signal name 302 according to a pin arrangementcalled Type A is shown.

Each of the TMDS channels 310 to 330 and the TMDS clock channel 340 isconfigured by three pins: positive, shield, and negative. Pins 1 to 3correspond to the TMDS channel 330, Pins 4 to 6 correspond to the TMDSchannel 320, Pins 7 to 9 correspond to the TMDS channel 310, and Pins 10to 12 correspond to the TMDS clock channel 340, respectively.

In addition, Pin 13 corresponds to the CEC line 361, Pin 14 correspondsto the reserved line 362, and Pin 19 corresponds to the HPD line 363,respectively. Furthermore, the display data channel 350 is configured bythree pins, namely serial clock (SCL), serial data (SDA), and a ground,to which Pins 15 to 17 respectively correspond. Note that the ground(Pin 17) for the display data channel 350 is the same as that for theCEC line 361. Pin 18 corresponds to a power supply line (+5V).

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an internal configuration ofthe source device 100 and the sink device 200 according to theembodiment of the present invention. In such cases, configurations ofthe reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363, which are the main parts inthe embodiment of the present invention, are shown. The source device100 includes a sink type detection circuit 110, a plug connectiondetection circuit 120, a source side transmitter/receiver circuit 140, aSony/Philips digital interface (SPDIF) receiver circuit 170, and anEthernet™ transmitter/receiver circuit 160. Furthermore, the sink device200 includes a source type detection circuit 210, a plug connectiontransfer circuit 220, a sink side transmitter/receiver circuit 250, aSPDIF transmitter circuit 270, and an Ethernet™ transmitter/receivercircuit 260.

As described above, the reserved line 362 is, a line not utilized inHDMI standards. However, in the present case, the reserved line 362 isbeing used to detect the type of a device that is connected for the sakeof efficient use of a pin. Specifically, the sink type detection circuit110 of the source device 100 detects the type of the sink device 20 viathe reserved line 362. Furthermore, the source type detection circuit210 of the sink device 200 detects the type of the source device 100 viathe reserved line 362. The type here can be assumed to be of a typewhich extends HDMI standards to enable a bidirectional transmission ofthe Ethernet™ signal through the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363(hereinafter, referred to as an “HDMI extension type”).

As described above, the HPD line 363 is a line for detecting connectionto another device by the HDMI cable. The plug connection transfercircuit 220 of the sink device 200 notifies that the sink device 200 isconnected by biasing a terminal connected to the HPD line 363 to apredetermined voltage. The plug connection detection circuit 120 of thesource device 100 detects the connection of the sink device 200 bycomparing the electric potential of the terminal connected to the HPDline 363 with a reference potential.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the source sidetransmitter/receiver circuit 140 and the sink side transmitter/receivercircuit 250 are connected to the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363having such functions. That is, the source side transmitter/receivercircuit 140 of the source device 100 connects to the reserved line 362and the HPD line 363 via condensers 131 and 132 and a resistor 133.Also, the sink side transmitter/receiver circuit 250 of the sink device200 connects to the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363 viacondensers 231 and 232 and a resistor 233.

The source side transmitter/receiver circuit 140 connects the Ethernet™signal that is bidirectionally transmitted by using the reserved line362 and the HPD line 363 to the Ethernet™ transmitter/receiver circuit160 and connects a SPDIF signal that is transmitted to the source device100 by using the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363 to the SPDIFreceiver circuit 170.

The sink side transmitter/receiver circuit 250 connects the Ethernet™signal that is bidirectionally transmitted by using the reserved line362 and the HPD line 363 to the Ethernet™ transmitter/receiver circuit260 and connects a SPDIF signal that is transmitted from the sourcedevice 100 by using the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363 to theSPDIF transmitter circuit 270.

The Ethernet™ transmitter/receiver circuits 160 and 260 are circuits fortransmitting/receiving the Ethernet™ signal, and perform a bidirectionalcommunication according to Internet Protocol (IP), for example. In thepresent case, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) or the UserDatagram Protocol (UDP) can be used as the upper layer of Internetprotocol (IP). These Ethernet™ transmitter/receiver circuits 160 and 260can be realized by a conventional technology.

The SPDIF receiver circuit 170 and the SPDIF transmitter circuit 270perform a unidirectional communication according to SPDIF. Here, SPDIFstandards are interface standards for transmitting a digital audiosignal in real time, and which are standardized by the InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC) as “IEC 60958”. As described later,the SPDIF signal to be transmitted according to SPDIF standards isbiphase-mark modulated, and thus, includes a clock component in thesignal. Incidentally, the SPDIF receiver circuit 170 and SPDIFtransmitter circuit 270 are realized by a conventional technology.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing examples of a configuration of thesource side transmitter/receiver circuit 140 and the sink sidetransmitter/receiver circuit 250 according to the embodiment of thepresent invention.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the sink side transmitter/receiver circuit 250includes amplifiers 510, 520, 530 and 550, an inverter 541, and adders542, 571 and 572.

The amplifier 510 is an amplifier for amplifying signals supplied fromthe Ethernet™ transmitter/receiver circuit 260 through signal lines 511and 512. The signals of the signal lines 511 and 512 are differentialsignals, and the amplifier 510 operates by a differential input.

The amplifier 520 is an amplifier for amplifying the output of theamplifier 510. The outputs of the amplifier 520 are differentialsignals, and the signal of the positive electrode is supplied to theadder 571 and the signal of the negative electrode is supplied to theadder 572, respectively.

The amplifier 530 is an amplifier for amplifying the signals from thereserved line 362 and the HPD line 363. The signals of the reserved line362 and the HPD line 363 are differential signals, and the amplifier 530operates by a differential input.

The inverter 541 is a circuit for inverting the output of the amplifier510. The adder 542 is a circuit for adding the output of the inverter541 and the output of the amplifier 530. That is, the inverter 541 andthe adder 542 input to the amplifier 550 a signal from the reserved line362 and the HPD line 363 with an output signal of the sink device 200removed therefrom.

The amplifier 550 is an amplifier for amplifying the output of the adder542. The outputs of the amplifier 550 are differential signals, and thesignal of the positive electrode is supplied to a signal line 558 andthe signal of the negative electrode is supplied to a signal line 559,respectively. The Ethernet™ transmitter/receiver circuit 260 isconnected to the signal lines 558 and 559, and a signal which is asignal from the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363 with the outputsignal of the sink device 200 removed therefrom is supplied to theEthernet™ transmitter/receiver circuit 260.

The adder 571 is a circuit for adding the signal supplied from the SPDIFtransmitter circuit 270 through a signal line 561 and the positiveelectrode output of the amplifier 520. The adder 572 is, the adder 571is a circuit for adding the signal supplied from the SPDIF transmittercircuit 270 through the signal line 561 and the negative electrodeoutput of the amplifier 520.

That is, whereas the Ethernet™ signal outputted from the amplifier 550is a differential signal, the SPDIF signal multiplexed by the adders 571and 572 is a common-mode signal. Thus, both of the Ethernet™ signal andthe SPDIF signal can be transmitted through the same pair of signallines (reserved line 362 and HPD line 363).

As shown in FIG. 4B, the source side transmitter/receiver circuit 140includes amplifiers 410, 420, 430 and 450, an inverter 441, and adders442 and 460.

The amplifier 410 is an amplifier for amplifying signals supplied fromthe Ethernet™ transmitter/receiver circuit 160 through signal lines 411and 412. The signals of the signal lines 411 and 412 are differentialsignals, and the amplifier 410 operates by a differential input.

The amplifier 420 is an amplifier for amplifying the outputs of theamplifier 410. The outputs of the amplifier 420 are differentialsignals, and the signal of the positive electrode is supplied to thereserved line 362 and the signal of the negative electrode is suppliedto the HPD line 363, respectively.

The amplifier 430 is an amplifier for amplifying the signals from thereserved line 362 and the HPD line 363. The signals of the reserved line362 and the HPD line 363 are differential signals, and the amplifier 430operates by a differential input.

The amplifier 450 is an amplifier for amplifying the output of the adder442. The outputs of the amplifier 450 are differential signals, and thesignal of the positive electrode is supplied to a signal line 458 andthe signal of the negative electrode is supplied to a signal line 459,respectively. The Ethernet™ transmitter/receiver circuit 160 isconnected to the signal lines 458 and 459, and a signal which is asignal from the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363 with the outputsignal of the source device 100 removed therefrom is supplied to theEthernet™ transmitter/receiver circuit 160.

The inverter 441 is a circuit for inverting the output of the amplifier410. The adder 442 is a circuit for adding the output of the inverter441 and the output of the amplifier 430. That is, the inverter 441 andthe adder 442 input to the amplifier 450 a signal which is a signal fromthe reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363 with the output signal of thesource device 100 removed therefrom.

The adder 460 is a circuit for adding the signal of the positiveelectrode and the signal of the negative electrode, which are outputs ofthe amplifier 420.

That is, of the signals transmitted by the reserved line 362 and the HPDline 363, the differential signal is extracted by the amplifier 430 asthe Ethernet™ signal, and the common-mode signal is extracted by theadder 460 as the SPDIF signal.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic view of an operation in theembodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the presentinvention assumes a case where the Ethernet™ signal is transmitted as adifferential signal by using the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363,and further, a SPDIF signal is transmitted as a common-mode signal byusing the same line to supply the real-time characteristics of theEthernet™ signal.

The operation according to the embodiment of the present invention issummarized in FIG. 5. As described above, Pin 14 corresponds to thereserved line 362, and Pin 19 corresponds to the HPD line 363. Whenneither the Ethernet™ signal nor the SPDIF signal is transmitted, theoperation is conducted in accordance with conventional HDMI standards.When transmitting the Ethernet™ signal, the positive electrode signal ofthe Ethernet™ signal is multiplexed to Pin 14, and the negativeelectrode signal of the Ethernet™ signal is multiplexed to Pin 19. Also,when transmitting the SPDIF signal, the positive electrode signal of theSPDIF signal is multiplexed to Pin 14 and Pin 19. Furthermore, whentransmitting both the Ethernet™ signal and the SPDIF signal, thepositive electrode signal of the Ethernet™ signal and the positiveelectrode signal of the SPDIF signal are multiplexed to Pin 14, and thenegative electrode signal of the Ethernet™ signal and the positiveelectrode signal of the SPDIF signal are multiplexed to Pin 19.

Accordingly, the Ethernet™ signal and the SPDIF signal can beindependently transmitted on the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363,and the receiver side (source side transmitter/receiver circuit 140)requires no particular mechanism regardless of whether both signals arebeing transmitted or only one signal is being transmitted.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing configuration examples of the sinktype detection circuit 110 and the source type detection circuit 210according to the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6A, the sink type detection circuit 110 includesresistors 111 and 112, a condenser 113, and a comparator 116. Theresistor 111 pulls the reserved line 362 up to +5V. This resistor 111 isincluded only when the source device 100 is of a specific type (HDMIextended type, for example), and when the source device 100 is not of aspecific type, the pull-up is not performed. The resistor 112 and thecondenser 113 form a low-pass filter. The output of the low-pass filteris supplied to a signal line 114. The comparator 116 compares a DCpotential supplied to the signal line 114 from the low-pass filter witha reference potential provided to a signal line 115.

Also, as shown in FIG. 6B, the source type detection circuit 210includes resistors 211 and 212, a condenser 213, and a comparator 216.The resistor 211 pulls the reserved line 362 down to the groundpotential. The resistor 211 is included only when the sink device 200 isof a specific type, and when the sink device 200 is not of a specifictype, the pull-down is not performed. The resistor 212 and the condenser213 form a low-pass filter. The output of the low-pass filter issupplied to a signal line 215. The comparator 216 compares a DCpotential supplied to the signal line 215 from the low-pass filter witha reference potential provided to a signal line 214.

When the sink device 200 is of a specific type, pull-down is performedby the resistor 211 and the potential of the reserved line 362 becomes2.5V, and when the sink device 200 is not of a specific type, thepotential is released and becomes 5V. Accordingly, when the referencepotential of the signal line 115 is 3.75V, for example, the type of thesink device 200 can be identified in the source device 100 based on theoutput of a signal line 117.

Similarly, when the source device 100 is of a specific type, pull-up isperformed by the resistor 111 and the potential of the reserved line 362becomes 2.5V, and when the source device 100 is not of a specific type,the potential becomes 0V. Accordingly, when the reference potential ofthe signal line 214 is, for example, 1.25V, the type of the sourcedevice 100 can be identified in the sink device 200 based on the outputof a signal line 217.

Signals for the type detections are transferred at a DC bias potential,and thus, do not affect the Ethernet™ signal or the SPDIF signal that istransferred as an AC signal.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing configuration examples of the plugconnection detection circuit 120 and the plug connection transfercircuit 220 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7A, the plug connection transfer circuit 220 includes achoke coil 221; and resistors 222 and 223. The choke coil 221 and theresistors 222 and 223 bias the HPD line 363 to about 4V, for example.

Also, as shown in FIG. 7B, the plug connection detection circuit 120includes resistors 121 and 122; a condenser 123; and a comparator 126.The resistor 121 pulls the HPD line 363 down to the ground potential.The resistor 122 and the condenser 123 form a low-pass filter. Theoutput of the low-pass filter is supplied to a signal line 124. Thecomparator 126 compares a DC potential supplied to the signal line 124from the low-pass filter with a reference potential provided to a signalline 125.

Here, 1.4V, for example, is provided as the reference potential for thesignal line 125. If the source device 100 is not connected to the HPDline 363, due to the input potential being pulled down by the resistor121, the potential of the signal line 124 becomes lower than thereference potential of the signal line 125. On the other hand, if thesource device 100 is connected to the HPD line 363, since the HPD lineis biased to about 4V, the potential of the signal line 124 becomeshigher than the reference potential of the signal line 125. Accordingly,the presence or absence of connection of the sink device 200 can bedetected in the source device 100 based on the output of a signal line127.

Signals for the plug connection detections are transferred at a DC biaspotential, and thus, do not affect the Ethernet™ signal or the SPDIFsignal that is transferred as an AC signal.

Next, SPDIF standards will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a frame configuration according to SPDIFstandards. According to SPDIF standards, each frame is configured fromtwo subframes. In a case of 2-channel stereo audio, a left channelsignal is included in the first subframe, and a right channel signal isincluded in the second subframe.

As described below, a preamble is provided at the beginning of thesubframe, and “M” is added to the left channel signal as the preambleand “W” is added to the right channel signal as the preamble. Note that“B” indicating the start of a block is added to the preamble at thebeginning for every 192 frames. That is, one block is configured from192 frames. The block is a unit configuring a channel status describedlater.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a subframe configuration according to SPDIFstandards. The subframe is configured from 32 time slots in total, i.e.,from 0th to 31st.

Time slots 0 to 3 represent the preamble (Sync preamble). As describedabove, the preamble indicates any of “M”, “W” and “B”, in order todistinguish between the left or right channels, or to indicate thestarting position of the block.

Time slots 4 to 27 are a main data field, and when a 24-bit code rangeis adopted, the entire main data field represents audio data. Also, whena 20-bit code range is adopted, time slots 8 to 27 represent the audiodata (Audio sample word). In the case of the latter, time slots 4 to 7can be used as auxiliary information (Auxiliary sample bits).

Time slot 28 is a validity flag in the main data field.

Time slot 29 represents one bit of user data. A series of data can beconfigured by accumulating time slots 29 over respective frames. A userdata message is configured with an 8-bit information unit (IU) as aunit, and 3 to 129 information units are included in one message. “0” of0 to 8 bits can be present between the information units. The beginningof the information unit is identified by a start bit “1”. The firstseven information units in the message are reserved, and a user can setarbitrary information in the eighth or later information unit. Themessages are divided from each other by “0” of eight or more bits.

Time slot 30 represents one bit of the channel status. A series ofchannel status can be configured by accumulating time slots 30 ofrespective blocks over respective frames. Incidentally, the startingposition of a block is indicated by the preamble (time slots 0 to 3) asdescribed above.

Time slot 31 is a parity bit. The parity bit is added so that the numberof “0”s and “1”s included in time slots 4 to 31 is even.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a signal modulation scheme according toSPDIF standards. According to SPDIF standards, time slots 4 to 31, whichare a subframe from which the preamble is excluded, are biphase-markmodulated.

At the time of the biphase-mark modulation, a clock whose speed isdouble that of the original signal (source coding) is used. Dividing theclock cycle of the original signal into a first half and a second half,the output of the bipahse-mark modulation is invariably inverted at theedge of the first half of the clock cycle. Also, when the originalsignal indicates “1” at the edge of the second half of the clock cycle,the output is inverted, and when the original signal indicates “0” atthe edge of the second half of the clock cycle, the output is notinverted. Thereby, a clock component of the original signal can beextracted from the biphase-mark modulated signal.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing channel coding for the preamble accordingto SPDIF standards. As described above, time slots 4 to 31 in thesubframe are biphase-mark modulated. On the other hand, the preamble,specifically, time slots 0 to 3, is not biphase-mark modulated in theusual manner, but is handled as a bit pattern synchronized with thedouble-speed clock. That is, by assigning two bits to each of time slots0 to 3, 8-bit pattern as shown in FIG. 11 is obtained.

If the immediately preceding state is “0”, “11101000” is assigned topreamble “B”, “11100010” is assigned to “M”, and “1100100” is assignedto “W”, respectively. On the other hand, if the immediately precedingstate is “1”, “00010111” is assigned to preamble “B”, “00011101” isassigned to “M”, and “00011011” is assigned to “W”, respectively.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the presentinvention, the SPDIF signal can be transmitted, being multiplexed to andin common mode to the Ethernet™ signal differentially transmittedthrough the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363. Since the SPDIFsignal includes the clock component, the sink device can extract theclock component from the SPDIF signal itself and use the same. If thesink device is an audio device, the extracted clock component can beutilized and used for audio reproduction. When an error occurs in thetransmission line, the real-time characteristics can be ensured bymuting that part and reproducing from subsequent data.

The Ethernet™ signal is a packetized signal, and when an error occurs inthe transmission line, the signal is automatically retransmitted by amechanism such as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and thus, ahighly reliable transmission is achieved. It should be noted that, in acase where real-time characteristics such as those required for an audiosignal transmission are necessary, the audio reproduction is stoppedduring the retransmission. Also, in a normal case, the signal processingis performed by software, and thus, when compared with SPDIF in whichhardware performs the processing, the delay (latency) increases. Also, atime stamp according to the Moving Picture Experts Group(MPEG)-Transport Stream (TS) or the Real-time Transport Protocol is usedto regenerate an audio clock, and, in many cases, processes such asthese can also be achieved by software.

By using the Ethernet™ signal and the SPDIF signal having differentcharacteristics in combination as described above, a real-time audiotransmission and a reliable packet information transmission can beachieved at the same time. In the following, an application example towhich the present invention is applied will be described.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a system configuration example according tothe embodiment of the present invention. Here, an AV system is assumedto include a player 710, an AV amplifier 720, a speaker 730, and atelevision receiver 740.

The player 710 and the AV amplifier 720 are HDMI-connected to eachother, and where the player 710 is the source device, the AV amplifier720 is the sink device. That is, a signal line 719 performs aunidirectional TMDS transmission from the player 710 to the AV amplifier720. The AV amplifier 720 and the television receiver 740 areHDMI-connected to each other in a similar manner, and where the AVamplifier 720 is the source device, the television receiver 740 is thesink device. That is, a signal line 729 performs a unidirectional TMDStransmission from the AV amplifier 720 to the television receiver 740.The signal lines 719 and 729 performing the TMDS transmission correspondto the TMDS channels 310 to 330 in FIG. 1.

Also, the AV amplifier 720 and the speaker 730 are analog-connected toeach other, and an audio signal reproduced by the AV amplifier 720 isoutput to the speaker 730 via a signal line 726.

The player 710 includes an internal clock generation circuit 711, aclock component reconfiguration circuit 712, a clock switch 713, amicrocontroller 714, a recording medium access section 715, and adecoder 716.

The internal clock generation circuit 711 is a circuit for generating aclock signal inside the player 710. The internal clock generationcircuit 711 generates a clock signal by using oscillation amplitudevoltage from an oscillator such as a crystal oscillator (crystal).

The clock component reconfiguration circuit 712 is a circuit forreconfiguring a clock component based on the SPDIF signal supplied fromthe AV amplifier 720 through a signal line 727. The signal line 727corresponds to the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363 in FIG. 3.

The clock switch 713 is a circuit for switching a clock to be outputtedby selecting any of the clock generated in the internal clock generationcircuit 711 and the clock reconfigured in the clock componentreconfiguration circuit 712.

The microcontroller 714 is a microcontroller for controlling theoperation of the player 710. Upon detecting the reconfiguration of theclock component in the clock component reconfiguration circuit 712, themicrocontroller 714 instructs the clock switch 713 to select a clockfrom the clock component reconfiguration circuit 712.

The recording medium access section 715 is a circuit for reading out,according to a clock outputted from the clock switch 713, a video signaland an audio signal from a recording medium 717.

The decoder 716 decodes, according to a clock outputted from the clockswitch 713, the video signal and the audio signal read out by therecording medium access section 715. The signal decoded by the decoder716 is TMDS-transmitted to the AV amplifier 720 through the signal line719.

The AV amplifier 720 receives a signal transmitted from the player 710through the signal line 719, and amplifies the audio signal of thereceived signal and outputs the sound to the speaker 730 through thesignal line 726. Also, the AV amplifier 720 transmits the video signalof the received signal to the television receiver 740 through the signalline 729.

The Ethernet™ signal is differentially transmitted through the reservedline 362 and the HPD line 363 respectively corresponding to the signalline 727, and the SPDIF signal is multiplexed in common-mode to thereserved line 362 and the HPD line 363. Accordingly, with the player710, which is the receiver of the SPDIF signal, by taking the sum ofrespective signals of the reserved line 362 and the HPD line 363, theEthernet™ signal that is differentially transmitted is removed and theSPDIF signal is obtained. The SPDIF signal includes a clock componentgenerated inside the AV amplifier 720. Since the SPDIF signal istransmitted, being bi-phase mark modulated, even if the signal is a mutesignal, for example, the clock component is transmitted from the AVamplifier 720 to the player 710. That is, the SPDIF signal according tothis example needs not include an effective audio signal.

According to the application example, a clock signal generated in the AVamplifier 720 is be transmitted to the player 710, and the video signaland the audio signal can be transmitted from the player 710 to the AVamplifier 720 according to the transmitted clock signal. Accordingly,the player 710 can operate with the clock of the AV amplifier 720 as themaster clock, and a so-called jitterless reproduction can be realized.Thereby, a buffer to be used for speed adjustment can be omitted fromthe AV amplifier 720. Also, when focusing on the accuracy of the clockgenerated in each device, generally, the clock of an AV amplifier isoften more accurate than that of a player. Accordingly, by the player710 operating with the clock of the AV amplifier 720 as the masterclock, the reproduction quality of the audio signal can be improved.

As described above, by transmitting the SPDIF signal, the frequencysynchronization of the transmitter side and the receiver side, which isdifficult with only the Ethernet™ signal, can be performed easily, thusbenefitting an application, which is for reproduction of a video signalor an audio signal, that requires real-time characteristics.Incidentally, in the above-described application example, an example ofjitterless reproduction has been described. By using user data orchannel status in the SPDIF signal, information from the sink device canbe transmitted in real-time. For example, by including in the user dataa reproduction frame of the video signal, reproduction time of the audiosignal, or the like, of the AV amplifier 720 and transmitting the sameto the player 710, the player 710 and the AV amplifier 720 can beaccurately synchronized.

Heretofore, the preferred embodiments of the present invention have beenexplained with reference to the appended drawings. However, it isneedles to say that the present invention is not limited to suchexamples. It is obvious that various modifications and alterations maybe achieved by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims,and it is understood that they are naturally within the scope of theclaims.

Incidentally, the embodiment of the present invention is an example forrealization of the present invention, and there is a correspondencerelation to each of the subject matters of the claims as describedbelow. However, the present invention is not limited to these, andvarious modifications can be achieved so long as not departing from thescope of the invention.

That is, in claim 1, a first transmitting section corresponds to theamplifier 520, for example. Furthermore, a second transmitting sectioncorresponds to the adders 571 and 572, for example.

Furthermore, in claim 4, a receiving section corresponds to theamplifier 530, the inverter 541 and the adder 542, for example.

Furthermore, in claims 6 and 12, a reserved line corresponds to thereserved line 362, for example. Furthermore, a hot plug detect linecorresponds the HPD line 363, for example.

Furthermore, in claim 7, a first receiving section corresponds to theamplifier 430, the inverter 441 and the adder 442, for example.Furthermore, a second receiving section corresponds to the adder 460,for example.

Furthermore, in claim 10, a transmitting section corresponds to theamplifier 420, for example.

Incidentally, the procedure described in the embodiment of the presentinvention may be assumed to be a method including the series ofprocedures, or may be assumed to be a program for causing a computer toexecute the series of procedures and a recording medium storing theprogram.

Although the invention herein has been described with reference toparticular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodimentsare merely illustrative of the principles and applications of thepresent invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerousmodifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that otherarrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scopeof the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

1. A device, comprising: a first transmitting section including anamplifier unit for transmitting a first signal as a differential signalto an external device through a transmission line; a second transmittingsection including an adding unit for transmitting a second signal, beingmultiplexed to the transmission line, as a common-mode signal to theexternal device, the adding unit receiving the differential signal fromthe amplifier unit and outputting the second signal for transmission;and a communication unit for communicating with the external device viaa pair of differential transmission lines included in the transmissionline, the communication unit including a unit for biasing thetransmission line to a first voltage level to indicate that the deviceis connected to the transmission line, thereby notifying the externaldevice of a connection status of its own device by a direct current biaspotential of at least one of the pair of differential transmissionlines.
 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is a transmittingdevice, the transmission line is a first transmission line, thecommunication unit notifies the external device of the connection statusof its own device by the direct current bias potential of at least oneof the pair of differential transmission lines, and the transmittingdevice further comprises: a receiver for receiving an audio signal fromthe external device through a second transmission line; and areproduction unit for reproducing the audio signal, the reproductionunit silencing, in case an error occurs in the second transmission line,a portion where the error has occurred.
 3. The device of claim 2,wherein the second signal is a signal including a clock component. 4.The device of claim 3, wherein the second signal includes a biphase-markmodulated signal.
 5. The device of claim 2, wherein the second signal isa SPDIF signal.
 6. The device of claim 2, further comprising receivingmeans for receiving a third signal by removing the first signal from thedifferential signal on the first transmission line.
 7. The device ofclaim 6, wherein the first transmitting section and the receiving meansperform a bidirectional communication according to Internet Protocol(IP).
 8. The device of claim 6, wherein the first transmission line is areserved line and a hot-plug detect line forming an HDMI cable.
 9. Thedevice of claim 1, wherein the device is an output device, the externaldevice is a first external device, the transmission line is a firsttransmission line, the communication unit notifies the first externaldevice of the connection status of its own device by the direct currentbias potential of at least one of the pair of differential transmissionlines, and the output device further comprises: a receiver for receivingan audio signal from the first external device through a secondtransmission line; and a terminal for outputting the audio signal to asecond external device.
 10. The device of claim 9, wherein the secondsignal is a signal including a clock component.
 11. The device of claim10, wherein the second signal includes a biphase-mark modulated signal.12. The device of claim 9, wherein the second signal is a SPDIF signal.13. The device of claim 9, further comprising receiving means forreceiving a third signal by removing the first signal from thedifferential signal on the first transmission line.
 14. The device ofclaim 13, wherein the first transmitting section and the receiving meansperform a bidirectional communication according to Internet Protocol(IP).
 15. The device of claim 13, wherein the first transmission line isa reserved line and a hot-plug detect line forming an HDMI cable. 16.The device of claim 1, wherein the device is an interface circuit, thecommunication unit notifies the external device of the connection statusof its own device by the direct current bias potential of at least oneof the pair of different transmission lines, and the second signal is asignal that includes a clock component even when it is a silent signal.17. The device of claim 16, wherein the second signal includes abiphase-mark modulated signal.
 18. The device of claim 16, wherein thesecond signal is a SPDIF signal.
 19. The device of claim 16, furthercomprising receiving means for receiving a third signal by removing thefirst signal from the differential signal on the transmission line. 20.The device of claim 19, wherein the first transmitting section and thereceiving means perform a bidirectional communication according toInternet Protocol (IP).
 21. The device of claim 19, wherein thetransmission line is a reserved line and a hot-plug detect line formingan HDMI cable.